Analytical Study of Soil Displacement Induced by Twin Shield Tunneling in Semi-Infinite Viscoelastic Ground

Figure 5

Different viscosity coefficients, , cause a change in the settlement value at point (20, 0, 10) and point (–10, 0, 10) with time under the action of the support pressures (a), shield shell frictions (b), grouting pressures (c), and total displacement over time (d).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)