Analytical Study of Soil Displacement Induced by Twin Shield Tunneling in Semi-Infinite Viscoelastic Ground

Figure 6

Different shear moduli, , caused a change in the settlement value at point (–10, 0, 10) with time under the action of the support pressures (a), the shield shell frictions (b), grouting pressures (c), and total displacement over time (d).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)