Research Article

Analytical Study of Soil Displacement Induced by Twin Shield Tunneling in Semi-Infinite Viscoelastic Ground

Figure 8

Different distances from the excavation face caused a change in the ground settlement with time under the action of the support pressures (a), shield shell frictions (b), grouting pressures (c), and total displacement over time (d).
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)