A Simplified Viscoelastic Solution of the Frost Heaving Force of Cavity Water behind Tunnel Linings

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left"> </td><td class="align_center"><i>E</i><sub>h</sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center"><i>E</i><sub>k</sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center"><i>η</i>(MPa ▪ d)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Lining</td><td class="align_center">20000</td><td class="align_center">8000</td><td class="align_center">439.2</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Surrounding rock 1</td><td class="align_center">354</td><td class="align_center">191</td><td class="align_center">430</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Surrounding rock 2</td><td class="align_center">423</td><td class="align_center">278</td><td class="align_center">644</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Generalized Kelvin model parameters.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Table 1

Table 1: A Simplified Viscoelastic Solution of the Frost Heaving Force of Cavity Water behind Tunnel Linings 