Discrete Element Analysis of the Load Transfer Mechanism of Geogrid-Ballast Interface under Pull-Out Load

Figure 10

Comparison of the particle system contact force chain and geogrid axial force transmission of BG1 in different statistical zones divided longitudinally along the geogrid. (a) Normal stress = 20 kPa. (b) Normal stress = 30 kPa. (c) Normal stress = 40 kPa. (d) Normal stress = 50 kPa.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)