Numerical and Experimental Study on Soil Plug Resistance of Open-Ended Pipe Pile with a Restriction Plate

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Property</td><td class="align_center">Value</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Mean grain size</td><td class="align_center">0.20 mm</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Uniformity coefficient, <i>C</i><sub>u</sub></td><td class="align_center">2.10</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Coefficient of gradation, <i>C</i><sub>c</sub></td><td class="align_center">1.22</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Sand specific gravity</td><td class="align_center">2683 kg/m<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Maximum-index dry density</td><td class="align_center">1.67 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Minimum-index dry density</td><td class="align_center">1.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Maximum void ratio</td><td class="align_center">0.876</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Minimum void ratio</td><td class="align_center">0.607</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Internal friction angle</td><td class="align_center">29.1°</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Mechanical properties of sand samples used in laboratory experiment.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Numerical and Experimental Study on Soil Plug Resistance of Open-Ended Pipe Pile with a Restriction Plate 