Numerical and Experimental Study on Soil Plug Resistance of Open-Ended Pipe Pile with a Restriction Plate

Table 4

Scale factors for geotechnical centrifuge modeling.

Quantity	Units	Scale factor
Length	L	1/N
Volume	L^3	1/N^3
Mass	M	1/N^3
Gravity	L/T^2	N
Force	ML/T^2	1/N^2
Stress	M/LT^2	1
Moduli	M/LT^2	1
Strength	M/LT^2	1