Multiparameter Inversion Early Warning System of Tunnel Stress-Seepage Coupling Based on IA-BP Algorithm

Figure 5

The effect of each factor curve: (a) effect diagram of various factors of left upper arch; (b) effect diagram of various factors on vault; (c) effect diagram of various factors of right upper arch; (d) effect diagram of various factors of arch bottom; (e) effect diagram of various factors on horizontal convergence.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)