Analysis of Structural Response of Subway Shield Tunnel Lining under the Influence of Cavities

Table 2

Beam-spring method mechanical model parameters.

Normal stiffness (kN·m^−1)	Tangential stiffness (kN·m^−1)	Rotational stiffness (kN·m·rad^−1)
2.2 × 10^7	4.5 × 10^6	3.5 × 10^5