Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction of Expressway: A Hybrid Method Based on Singular Spectrum Analysis Decomposition

Figure 5

Traffic flow decomposed by SSA. (a) Original traffic flow of a week, (b) the first component—principle component, (c) the second component—random component 1, (d) the third component—random component 2, and (e) the fourth component—random component 3.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)