Early Warning for the Construction Safety Risk of Bridge Projects Using a RS-SSA-LSSVM Model

Table 9

Average calculation time and standard deviation of 1000 calculations.

Model	The proposed model	The proposed model without RS	LSSVM	SSA-BPNN	PSO-LSSVM	PSO-BPNN
Average calculation time (s)	3.241	3.826	0.937	4.856	4.642	5.752
Standard deviation of I	0.00305	0.00524	0.02221	0.00552	0.01245	0.01046
Standard deviation of II	0.00731	0.00793	0.02597	0.00723	0.02213	0.01475
Standard deviation of III	0.00645	0.00830	0.02424	0.01420	0.04174	0.09422
Standard deviation of IV	0.01023	0.01384	0.04552	0.01525	0.01463	0.02425