Presplit Blasting Technique in Treating Hard Overlying Strata: From Numerical Simulation to Field Practice

<div>The evolution of the effective stress in the surrounding rock with the borehole spacing of 8 m at different times. (a) <i>T</i> = 3.5 ms. (b) <i>T</i> = 5.5 ms. (c) <i>T</i> = 7.0 ms.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

fig19

Figure 19

Figure 19: Presplit Blasting Technique in Treating Hard Overlying Strata: From Numerical Simulation to Field Practice 