Reduction of Embodied Energy and Construction Cost of Affordable Houses through Efficient Architectural Design: A Case Study in Indian Scenario

Table 1

Specifications of the chosen Indian affordable housing [44].

S. no.	Component	Details
1	Structure	Load-bearing structure
2	Wall	230 mm thick brick masonry in mortar with cement and coarse sand in 1  6 proportion
3	Roof	115 mm thick flat reinforced cement concrete (RCC) roof with concrete of M25 grade and with TMT Fe 500D grade reinforcement, 1% by volume of RCC
4	Flooring	40 mm thick plain cement concrete (PCC) of M15 grade
5	Skirting/dado	12 mm thick 100 mm/1200 mm high, in mortar with cement and coarse sand in 1  6 proportion
6	Plaster/rendering	12/15 mm thick with in mortar with cement and coarse sand in 1  6 proportion
7	Terrace finishing	100 mm average with brick tiles and mud fuska (treatment with local clay and mud to reduce radiant heat gain)
8	Parapet	900 mm high in 115 mm thick brick masonry in mortar with cement and coarse sand in 1  4 proportion
9	Joinery	Mild steel frames with steel grills and glass panels
10	CC gola/khurrah/coping	CC gola (over the deck treatment at junction of parapet wall and roof slab to prevent seepage) in PCC of M15 grade
		Khurrah (rainwater spout)
		Coping (PCC over parapets to protect it from rainwater)