FEA of Effects Induced by Diurnal Temperature Variation on Downstream Surface of Xiaowan Arch Dam

Table 1

Thermal and mechanical parameters of dam concrete.

Concrete grade
Parameter		C18040	C18035	C18030
Thermal conductivity	kJ/(m·h°C)	8.479	8.227	8.016
Thermal diffusivity	m^2/h	0.003239	0.003116	0.002991
Density	kg/m^3		2500
Specific heat	kJ/(kg°C)	1.047	1.056	1.072
Coefficient of linear expansion	10^−6/°C	8.26	8.15	8.1
Heat exchange coefficient	kJ/(m^2·h°C)		47.1
Elasticity modulus	10^4 MPa	3.21	3.11	3.01
Poisson’s ratio		0.24	0.167	0.167
Compressive strength	Ra/MPa	45.5	39.7	34.4
Tensile strength	Rl/MPa	3.52	3.36	3.07
Safety factor against cracking on the surface [18, 19]			1.4–1.5