Experimental Study on the Damage of Bridge Pier under the Impact of Rockfall

Table 7

Description of different injuries.

Damage location	Observed crack pattern	Description
Perforating crack from the front and back of the point of impact		On the back of the impact position of three columns, perforating cracks appeared along the width of the model column, which developed from the back side to the front crack joint
Front crack of column bottom		A penetrating crack (left) and another fault crack (right) appeared on the front of the column bottom, with a width of about 0.3 mm and 0.2 mm, respectively
Internal shock damage within 20 cm below the impact point		Under impact, the model column was squeezed inside, resulting in damage and cracks in other parts of the column, such as oblique cracks 20 cm above and below the cracks along the impact surface
Internal shock damage within 20 cm above the impact point
Lateral oblique crack		The length of the two cracks on the side of S2.1-4 was 23.5 mm (left) and 37.5 mm (right), respectively, and the crack width was about 0.5 mm
Back horizontal crack		Horizontal cracks developed on the back below the position of impact
Shear crack at the impact position		Because of the strong shear force at the impact, shear crack was formed