Shear Characteristics and Strength Criterion of Frozen Joints under Different Opening Degrees

Figure 9

Shear stress-shear displacement curves of different normal stress joints with an opening degree of 13 mm. (a) Specimen 1#. (b) Specimen 2#. (c) Specimen 3#. (d) Specimen 4#.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)