Development of a Hybrid Method to Predict the Slope Surface Deformation Utilizing the Time Series and GA-Elman Models

Table 2

Comparisons of the evaluation indicators on point ZG93 of the periodic trend displacement prediction models.

Models	ZG93
	Fitting data		Prediction data
	RMSE	R^2	RMSE	MAPE
BP	26.8591	0.9346	31.4256	249.1131
ELM	24.0227	0.9375	21.2309	172.2863
Elman	23.8016	0.9680	7.8800	54.4847
SVM	16.4935	0.8405	16.5443	148.0590
GA-BP	25.6514	0.8945	22.3957	175.6390
GA-Elman	31.3034	0.9160	4.9447	27.0301