Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Cemented Paste Backfill in the Mining Industry

Table 1

Comprehensive benefit evaluation index of CPB.

Evaluation object	Latent variables	Observed variables	Variable symbol	References
Comprehensive benefit of CPB	Economic benefits	Incremental profit per unit	B11	Žižlavsk [26]
		Payback period	B12	Qian et al. [23]
		Net present value	B13
	Resource benefits	Ore recovery rate	B21	Tang and Wang [27]
		Backfill utilization rate of gangue	B22	Agrawal et al. [28]
		Utilization rate of other resource	B23	Liu et al. [25]
	Environmental benefits	Surface subsidence degree	B31	Tariq and Yanful [31]
		Pollution amount of gangue	B32	Cihangir et al. [32]
		Spontaneous combustion pollution amount of gangue	B33	Stracher and Taylor [33]
	Social benefits	Prevalence rate of mine residents	B41	Li and Wang [12]
		Land reclamation rate	B42	Yang et al. [34]
		Housing integrity	B43	Yilmaz et al. [35]