Advances in Civil Engineering

Research Article

Verification of Energy Usage Based on Standard Building Model Development of Low-Rise Residential Buildings in South Korea

Table 1

Study of international building energy performance variables (ASHRAE, 2016).


Main Ca.	Category	Subclass

Form	Total floor area, building shape, aspect ratio, number of floors, window fraction, window-to-wall ratio, window locations, shading geometry, building orientation, thermal zoning, floor-to-floor height (ft), floor-to-ceiling height (ft), glazing sill height (ft)

Architecture	Exterior walls	Construction, U-value, R-value
	Roof	Construction, U-value, R-value
	Window	Dimensions, glass (type and frame), U-value, SHGC, visible transmittance, operable area
	Skylight	Glass (type and frame), U-value, SHGC, visible transmittance
	Foundation	Foundation type, construction, F-value, dimensions
	Interior partitions	Construction, dimensions
	Internal mass	-
	Air barrier system	Infiltration (ACH)

HVAC	System type	Heating type, cooling type, distribution and terminal units
	HVAC sizing	Air conditioning, heating
	HVAC efficiency	Air conditioning, heating
	HVAC control	Thermostat setpoint, thermostat setback, supply air temperature, economizers, ventilation, demand control ventilation, energy recovery
	Supply fan	Fan schedules, supply fan total efficiency (%), supply fan pressure drop
	SWH	SWH type, fuel type, thermal efficiency (%), tank volume (gal), water temperature set point, water consumption

Internal loads and schedules	Lighting	Average power density (W/ft²), schedule, daylighting controls, occupancy sensors
	Plug load	Average power density (W/ft²), schedule
	Occupancy	Average occupancy, schedule

ASHRAE : American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers; SHGC: solar heat gain coefficient; ACH: air changes per hour; HVAC: heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning; SWH: service water heating.