The Environmental Effects Induced by a Metro Shield Tunnel Side-Crossing on Adjacent Pile Foundations and Its Impact Partition

<table class="table-group" id="tab3"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Material</td><td class="align_center">Elastic modules <i>E</i><sub><i>M</i></sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center">Viscoelastic modules <i>E</i><sub><i>K</i></sub> (MPa)</td><td class="align_center">Maxwell <i>η</i><sub><i>M</i></sub> (MPa·s)</td><td class="align_center">Kelvin <i>η</i><sub><i>K</i></sub> (MPa·s)</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Saturated clay</td><td class="align_center">15</td><td class="align_center">2.5</td><td class="align_center">4.52 × 10<sup>8</sup></td><td class="align_center">4.52 × 10<sup>13</sup></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Burgers parameters of saturated clay.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Table 3

Table 3: The Environmental Effects Induced by a Metro Shield Tunnel Side-Crossing on Adjacent Pile Foundations and Its Impact Partition 