Techniques for Progressive Failure Simulation of Hard Brittle Surrounding Rockmass: Taking the URL Test Tunnel as an Example

<div>The failure state of several schemes under different dilatancy angles: (a) tensile strength is 3.7 MPa; (b) tensile strength is 10 MPa (0-no failure; 1-tensile failure now; 2-shear failure now; 4-tensile failure past; 8-shear failure past).</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 6

Figure 6: Techniques for Progressive Failure Simulation of Hard Brittle Surrounding Rockmass: Taking the URL Test Tunnel as an Example 