Techniques for Progressive Failure Simulation of Hard Brittle Surrounding Rockmass: Taking the URL Test Tunnel as an Example

Table 4

Finalized input parameters of Lac du Bonnet granite in GDEM.

Parameters	Values
Elastic modulus (GPa)	60
Poisson’s ratio	0.2
Cohesion (MPa)	50
Tensile strength of intact rock (MPa)	10
Internal friction angle at initial time	5
Internal friction angle after failure	50
Dilatancy angle	30
Tensile fracture energy (Pa m)	50
Shear fracture energy (Pa m)	500