Field Investigation of Blasting-Induced Vibration in Concrete Linings during Expansion of Old Highway Tunnel

Table 1

Measured PPVs in this case history.

Test number	TNT weight per delay (kg)	Distance to blasting source (m)	PPV of new concrete lining (cm/s)			Distance to blasting source (m)	PPV of the old concrete lining (cm/s)
			VX	VY	VZ		VX	VY	VZ
1	50.4	R2 = 20.3	7.258	6.501	6.647	R3 = 29.6	4.572	6.875	5.006
		R1 = 42.7	2.904	2.206	1.324	R4 = 110.8	0.197	0.280	0.384
2	27.3	R2 = 19.7	6.465	5.535	4.943	R3 = 20.0	5.701	8.246	5.476
		R1 = 52.6	1.346	0.640	1.674	R4 = 74.2	0.375	1.165	1.211
3	31.2	R2 = 22.7	4.121	3.194	3.030	R3 = 40.4	3.307	3.641	2.741
		R1 = 44.0	1.122	1.067	1.846	R4 = 95.7	0.445	1.265	0.915
4	27.3	R2 = 31.6	2.100	2.911	2.120	R3 = 50.8	1.865	2.273	1.978
		R1 = 98.0	0.505	0.194	0.178	R4 = 70.9	1.996	1.997	1.044
5	31.2	R2 = 48.9	1.474	1.826	0.807	R3 = 37.2	3.653	4.919	2.007
		R1 = 109.5	0.170	0.170	0.242	R4 = 70.8	0.403	1.824	1.189
6	27.3	R2 = 29.9	3.617	2.654	1.637	R3 = 42.4	1.279	2.289	1.686
		R1 = 117.2	0.180	0.137	0.378	R4 = 101.5	0.359	0.804	0.840
7	31.2	R2 = 26.5	4.181	2.209	3.261	R3 = 55.3	1.666	2.851	1.798
		R1 = 71.3	0.790	0.289	0.256	R4 = 135.2	0.406	0.488	0.703
8	27.3	R2 = 36.2	1.272	2.167	2.122	R3 = 44.8	0.910	2.541	1.345
		R1 = 79.2	0.649	0.292	0.323	R4 = 156.6	0.422	0.658	0.256
9	31.2	R2 = 28.4	1.840	2.492	1.715	R3 = 87.0	0.840	0.988	1.697
		R1 = 78.6	0.294	0.693	0.867	R4 = 114.2	0.206	0.740	0.193
10	27.3	R2 = 42.9	1.673	2.195	0.730	R3 = 98.1	0.686	0.216	0.363
		R1 = 140.4	0.159	0.097	0.409	R4 = 120.4	0.545	0.452	0.938