Investigations into the Rock Dynamic Response under Blasting Load by an Improved DDA Approach

Figure 11

The failure process of Xiucun tunnel under multiple blasting loads. (a) Displacement distribution at 0.005 s. (b) Displacement distribution at 0.04 s. (c) Displacement distribution at 0.12 s. (d) Displacement distribution at 0.2 s.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)