Mechanical Behavior of the Reinforced Retaining Wall Subjected to Static Load

Table 4

Duncan–Chang constitutive model parameters of representative soil (Mohr–Coulomb).

Classification of fill		Strength characteristic parameters			Stiffness characteristic parameters					Bulk density (kN·m^−1)
		∅0 (°)	∆∅0 (°)	c (kPa)	k	n	Rf	kb	m
GW	S1	42	9	0	600	0.4	0.7	175	0.2	23.6
GP	S2	39	7	0	450	0.4	0.7	125	0.2	22.8
SW	S3	36	5	0	300	0.4	0.7	75	0.2	22.1
SP	S4	33	3	0	200	0.4	0.7	50	0.2	21.3
SM	S5	38	8	0	600	0.25	0.7	450	0.5	21.3
	S6	36	6	0	450	0.25	0.7	350	0.5	20.5
	S7	34	4	0	330	0.25	0.7	250	0.5	19.7
	S8	32	2	0	150	0.25	0.7	150	0.5	18.9
Explain		GW: well-graded gravel; SW: well-graded sand; GP: poorly graded gravel; SP: poorly graded sand; SM: silty sand