Research Article

Freezing Temperature Field of FSPR under Different Pipe Configurations: A Case Study in Gongbei Tunnel, China

Table 1

Scaling laws.

Scaling parameterGeometry (mm)Temperature (°C)Thermal capacity (J·kg−1·K)Thermal conductivity (W·m−1·K−1)Velocity of flow (m/min)Rate of flow (m3/h)Time (h)

Scaling law1/10111101/101/100