A Displacement-Based Theory for Predicting the Support Force on the Shield Tunneling Surface in Sandy Soil Layers

Table 1

Computational parameter.

Materials	Elastic modulus (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Density (kg/m^3)	Cohesion (kPa)	Tensile strength (kPa)
Soil	20	0.35	1800	1	1
Shield segment	30000	0.25