Study on Shear Characteristics of Interface between Frozen Soil and Pile during Thawing Process in Permafrost Area

Figure 10

Residual frozen strength under different conditions: (a) residual frozen strength vs. normal stress (-2°C), (b) residual frozen strength vs. water content (300 kPa°C), and (c) residual frozen strength vs. temperature (400 kPa).

(a)

(b)

(c)