Evaluating the Properties of Railway Ballast Using Spectral Analysis of Ground Penetrating Radar Signal Based on Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition

<div>(a) Location of the test site. (b) Schematic characteristics of the railway. (c) Test equipment GPR.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Evaluating the Properties of Railway Ballast Using Spectral Analysis of Ground Penetrating Radar Signal Based on Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition 

Figure 1 | Evaluating the Properties of Railway Ballast Using Spectral Analysis of Ground Penetrating Radar Signal Based on Optimized Variational Mode Decomposition 