Analysis of the Influence of the Distribution and Development of Soil Caves on the Stability of High-Voltage Transmission Tower Foundations

Table 1

Physical and mechanical parameters of the model.

Parameters	Weight γ (kN/m^3)	Shear strength		Elasticity modulus (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio
		Cohesive force c (kPa)	Angle of internal friction φ (°)
Clay	18.5	39.5	14	12	0.30
Limestone	26	3 × 10^6	35	1.4 × 10^4	0.25
Concrete	25	—	—	3 × 10^4	0.2