Differential Analysis and Prediction Optimization of Ground Surface Settlement Induced by Quasi-Rectangular Shield and Pipe Jacking Tunnelling

<div>Ground surface settlement of shield and pipe jacking under different grouting pressures: (a) Ground surface settlement of shield. (b) Ground surface settlement of pipe jacking.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 18

Figure 18: Differential Analysis and Prediction Optimization of Ground Surface Settlement Induced by Quasi-Rectangular Shield and Pipe Jacking Tunnelling 

Figure 18 | Differential Analysis and Prediction Optimization of Ground Surface Settlement Induced by Quasi-Rectangular Shield and Pipe Jacking Tunnelling 