Developing a Low-Cost Safety Improvement Program for Intersections in an Urban Roadway Network: A Case Study

Table 1

CMF and cost of 15 safety countermeasures.

No.	Safety countermeasures	CMF	Cost
1	Flashing red stop signs	0.90 (total), 0.87 (target)	$1,700/sign
2	Flashing signal	0.90 (total)	$15, 000/sign
		0.87 (target)
3	Transverse rumble strips	0.72 (total)	$690
4	Roundabout	0.65 (total)	$1,500,000
5	Double centerline and stop bars	0.6 (total)	$1,250
6	Warning signs	0.85 (total) stop ahead	$100/sign
		0.87 (total) curve ahead
7	Lane diet	0.91 (total)	$11.48/ft, (varies)
8	Guard rail	0.96 (total)	$8, 000
9	Median (concrete/delineator)	0.14 (target)	$28,800 (concrete)
			$5,250 (delineator)
10	Centerline rumble strips	0.86 (total)	$1,200
		0.79 (target)
11	Increase pavement friction	0.76 (total) curve	$16.50/square yard
		0.8 (total), 0.58 (target): Braking
12	Signal phasing	0.01 (target): protected left turn	$3,000
		0.92 (total), delayed red signal
		0.93 (total), protected permissive left turn with flashing yellow arrow
13	Dedicated left turn lanes	0.73 (total)	$10,332
14	Positive left turn offsets	0.62 (target)	$100,000
15	No turn on red signs	0.9375 (target)	$1,400