Discrete Element Simulation and Monitoring Analysis of Different Construction Methods of the Shallow Buried Bias Tunnel

<div>Pressure arch distribution diagram: (a) work condition 1: the three-step method without systematic bolt; (b) work condition 2: three-step method with systematic bolt.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 16

Figure 16: Discrete Element Simulation and Monitoring Analysis of Different Construction Methods of the Shallow Buried Bias Tunnel 