Analysis of Horizontal Dynamic Response of a Single Pile in Layered Foundations Based on the Timoshenko–Pasternak Model

<div>Variation in pile top impedance with frequency in layered soil. (a) Horizontal relative dynamic stiffness. (b) Horizontal relative dynamic damping.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 3

Figure 3: Analysis of Horizontal Dynamic Response of a Single Pile in Layered Foundations Based on the Timoshenko–Pasternak Model 