Research Article
Laboratory Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture Using Belessa Kaolin as a Filler with Superpave Aggregate Gradation
Table 11
Comparison of optimum replacement proportion of Belessa kaolin with specifications.
| | HMA parameters | Control mix (0% Belessa kaolin) | Belessa kaolin at 30% replacement | ERA pavement design manual, 2013 | International specification (Asphalt Institute, 1996) | Remarks | | Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. |
| | Stability (kN) | 10.99 | 11.62 | 8 | — | 8 | — | Pass | | Bulk density (g/cm3) | 2.32 | 2.319 | — | — | — | — | Pass | | VIM (%) | 4.1 | 4.16 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | Pass | | VFA (%) | 70.54 | 72.73 | 65 | 75 | 65 | 75 | Pass | | VMA (%) | 13.91 | 15.28 | 13 | | 13 | | Pass | | Flow (mm) | 3.04 | 3.08 | 2 | 3.5 | 2 | 3.5 | Pass | | TSR (%) | 81.75 | 82.35 | 80 | — | 80 | — | Pass |
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