Settlement Characteristics of Split Grouting Pile Composite Foundation in Loess Areas

Table 8

Model material parameters.

Soil layer	Thickness h (m)	Density (t·m^3)	Modulus of elasticity E (MPa)	Poisson’s Ratio	Angle of internal friction (°)	Cohesion c (kPa)
Backfill layer	4	1.76	33	0.3	8	15
Loess-like silt	7	1.83	46.1	0.35	15	36
Malan loess	11	1.86	50	0.32	17	32
Pile	—	1.76	1.5 × 10^4	0.21	—	—
Load plates	—	7.85	2.06 × 10^8	0.30	—	—