Study on Catastrophe Information Characteristics of Water Inrush in Karst Tunnel by Drilling and Blasting Method

Figure 3

Sketch of the quasi-masonry structure of water and mud-resistant rock mass and water inrush process. (a) Crack initiation is induced by blasting excavation and hydraulic pressure. (b) Crack dilation in the surrounding rock. (c) Crack network and leakage. (d) Water inrush.