Numerical and Larg-Scale Laboratory Study of Rock Column Groups in Sandy Soil Behavior Improvement

Table 4

Introducing the specifications of sand used to build stone columns.

Parameter	Numerical value
Dry specific gravity	16 kN/m^2
Saturation specific gravity	19 kN/m^2
Dry internal friction angle	41 degrees
Internal friction angle of saturation	37 degrees
Adhesion	0
Modulus of elasticity	100 MPa
Specific density	2.6
Poisson ratio	0.2
Maximum porosity ratio	0.75
Minimum porosity ratio	0.35