Analysis of Extent of Deformation Range and Failure Characteristics of Rocks Surrounding a Tunnel Crossing Fault Zone Based on FDEM

<div>The FDEM numerical model. (a) Crossing the intact rock (case 1). (b) Crossing the fault fracture zone (case 2). (c) Crossing the fault core zone (case 3).</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 6

Figure 6: Analysis of Extent of Deformation Range and Failure Characteristics of Rocks Surrounding a Tunnel Crossing Fault Zone Based on FDEM 