Study on Mechanical Behavior of Fully Encased Composite Slender Columns with High-Strength Concrete Using FEM Simulation

Figure 4

Axial load vs. axial deformation curve for (a) A1 [4]; (b) C7 [14]; (c) C9 [14]; (d) S690-C90-SP60-H [6].

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)