Advances in Civil Engineering

Research Article

Enhancing Understanding of Hydrologic Processes in the Shafe Watershed, Ethiopia

Table 10

Suggested and calibrated flow parameters.
Parameter nameEffects of parameters in runoff when it increasesManual rangeCalibration rangeFitted value
CN2Increase surface runoff35–9825%0.36
ALPHA_BFIncrease groundwater flow0–10.01–0.1350.06
GWQMNDecrease baseflow0–5,0003,000–4,0003,837.00
GW_REVAPDecrease baseflow by increasing water transfer in shallow aquifer0.02–0.20.1–0.150.14
RCHRG_DPDecrease baseflow by deep aquifer0–10.95–10.99
SOL_AWCIncrease groundwater recharge0–10.96–10.98
SOL_ZIncrease groundwater0–3,50025%0.99
CH_K2Saturated hydraulic conductivity0–50098–108106.22
SLSUBBSNincrease surface runoff10–15025–3028.16
ESCODecrease evaporation0–10.96–10.97
EPCODecrease transpiration0–10.0–0.10.07
SURLAGDecrease runoff arrival time to outlet0.05–2414–1514.37