Causes, Effects, and Mitigation Measures of Time and Cost Overruns in Water Supply Projects: Case of Tigrai Region, Northern Ethiopia

Table 5

Top ten causes of cost overrun ranked by respondents.

Nos	Causes of cost overrun	Clients’ view	Contractors’ view	Consultants’ view	Overall view
		RII	Rank	RII	Rank	RII	Rank	RII	Rank
1	Design errors and changes	89.7	1	90.9	1	89.7	2	90.3	1
2	Lack of consistency between bill of quantities and drawings	85.6	2	90.0	2	95.0	1	89.8	2
3	Shortage of construction materials and electromechanical equipment in local market	72.7	5	80.9	3	83.3	11	78.1	3
4	Inconstancy of the price of materials	72.2	6	80.8	4	76.6	15	76.5	4
5	Change order	75.6	3	71.3	10	87.8	5	76.3	5
6	Delay in material delivery	68.8	13	76.5	5	87.8	5	75.7	6
7	Inadequate design supervision	69.8	10	63.8	12	87.9	3	70.8	7
8	Executive bureaucracy in the client’s organization	66.0	15	72.0	9	76.6	15	70.6	8
9	Poor communication b/n contractor and other parties	73.1	4	60.9	15	85.3	8	70.5	9
10	Client’s shortage of finance or delayed payments to contractors	70.1	9	62.8	14	87.9	3	70.5	10