Influence of Biomass-Modified Asphalt Binder on Rutting Resistance

Table 3

The impact of various biomodifiers on rutting in various asphalt binders.

Biomass type	Optimum percentage of biomass	Asphalt binder type	Properties	Rutting resistance
Bioash	5–20 as a modifier of the asphalt binder	PG 58-22; PG 64-16; PG 64-22; PG 76-22	Softening point, viscosity, and G/sinδ increased, the penetration grade and ductility decreased.	Up to 130% increase of rutting parameter and up to 50% decreased rutting depth.
Biopolymer	8–20	PG 64-16; PG 64-22; PG 76-22	Penetration grade, softening point, viscosity, and G/sinδ increased, temperature sensitivity improved.	Up to 170% increase of rutting parameter and up to 55% decreased rutting depth.
Bio-oil	0.5–60 as asphalt binder extender and modifier	PG 58-28; PG 64-22; PG 70-22; PG 76-22; PG 82-16	The obtained results are variable.	The obtained results are variable.
Biochar	2–20	PG 58-28; PG 64-22	Fatigue resistance, viscosity, and G/sinδ increased.	Up to 100% increase of rutting parameter and up to 20% decreased rutting depth.
Bioshell waste	10–16	PG 58-28; PG 64-16	The penetration grade decreased, softening point, viscosity, and G/sinδ increased.	Up to 120% increase of rutting parameter.