Assessment of Reinforcement Effect of FRP-Strengthened Shield Segment Joint Based on the CZM Model

Table 1

Material parameters for cohesive elements.

Material	Normal direction			Tangential direction
	(GPa/m)	(MPa)	(N·m)	(GPa/m)	(MPa)	(N·m)	f
Concrete potential; fracture surface	10^6	2.80	110	10^6	9.80	1,100	0.35
Rebar–concrete; Interface (ribbed)	10^6	0.50	20	—	6.70	—	—
Contact interface	10^6	0	0	10^6	0	0	0.35