Aiming to investigate salt-frost heaving rules and the mechanical properties of natural saline soil along the Duku Highway subjected to multiple freezing-thawing cycles, we collected natural saline soil samples from the alluvial-proluvial plain in front of the Dushanzi Mountain at the starting point of the Duku Highway. Then, we conducted mineral composition analysis tests, essential laboratory physical property measurement, large scale multiple freezing-thawing cyclic salt-frost heaving tests, shear strength tests, and unconfined compressive strength tests on the samples. According to the test results presented, the collected saline soil differed from saline soil in other regions and fell into &#x201c;chlorite saline soils.&#x201d; As the number of freezing-thawing cycles increased, the overall salt-frost heaving capacity increased and then decreased in the freezing process but first reduced and then increased in the thawing process. Thus, the salt-frost heaving capacity was cumulative in freezing/thawing cycles. The peak salt-frost heaving capacity reached a maximum after 1 freezing-thawing cycle and then dropped drastically and fluctuated regularly. After 6 freezing-thawing cycles, the displacement deformation and time formed a new equilibrium. After 7 freezing-thawing cycles, the displacement and deformation of the soil no longer appear negative. As the number of freezing-thawing cycles increased, the cohesive force of saline soil first increased and then dropped steadily, the internal friction angle first dropped and then increased steadily, and the unconfined shear strength first increased and then decreased. These research results provided data supporting the prevention and controlling highway saline soil disasters with insightful references for the other projects in this region.

Xuebang Huang

Zizhao Zhang

Zezhou Guo

Ruihua Hao

Qianli Lv

Tianchao Liu

Tiansheng Zhou

Investigation of Salt-Frost Heaving Rules and Mechanical Properties of Chlorite Saline Soil along the Duku Highway under Freezing-Thawing Action

In this paper, the applicability of the elastic recovery (resilience) experiment for asphalt-rubber (AR) binders has been quantitatively assessed. The mechanical model, based on the viscoelastic constitutive relation and particle inclusion theory, was developed. The interfacial detachment between crumb rubber (CR) particles and asphalt caused by stress concentration was analyzed with Weibull statistical equations. Based on the road roughness excitation, the vehicle-road coupling vibration model was established to analyze the impact of vehicle loading on road surface deformation. AR binders with different CR particle sizes were assessed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging and prepared for testing the elastic recovery (resilience). The results showed that the greater internal stress caused by the longer stretch length of AR binders in the elastic recovery experiment was ten times higher than that obtained from the resilience experiment, leading to the interfacial detachment between asphalt and the CR particles. Hence, the elastic property of some of the CR particles with high modulus was not reflected, resulting in the test values being lower than actual values. With the reduction of CR particle size, the interfacial detachment was improved in the elastic recovery experiment due to intense material interchange and the enhancement of interfacial bond strength. The millimeter-scale compression deformation of the AR binder in the resilience experiment was closer to the actual deformation of the road surface. The experimental time of resilience (120&#x2009;min) has been reported less than that for elastic recovery (200&#x2009;min&#x2013;230&#x2009;min). This study shows that the resilience experiment has a significant advantage in assessing the elastic property of the AR binder.

Zechen Yao

Renfeng Yang

Jian Kang

Zhigang Zhang

Study on the Applicability of Elastic Recovery (Resilience) Experiment for Asphalt-Rubber

In order to study the nonlinear characteristics of self-excited aerodynamic forces of bluff body bridge section with the change of motion parameters, a numerical wind tunnel is established by the dynamic mesh technique of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A state-by-state forced vibration method is used to identify the self-excited aerodynamic forces of single degree-of-freedom (DOF) heaving and pitching motion. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is adopted to obtain frequency-domain data for analysis. The reliability of the obtained aerodynamic results is verified by wind tunnel tests. The results show that the high-order harmonic components are found in the self-excited aerodynamic forces of semiclosed box deck section, which are more significant in aerodynamic lift than in aerodynamic moment. The proportion of aerodynamic nonlinear components increases with amplitude. The effect of amplitude on the nonlinear components of heaving motion is generally higher than that of pitching motion, and aerodynamic moment is highly sensitive to the increase of vertical amplitude. The variation of the nonlinear components of the deck section with frequency is not a simple monotonic relationship, and there is a stationary point at 10&#x2009;Hz frequency. The existence of wind attack angle makes the proportion of nonlinear components reach more than 30&#x0025; and greatly increases the proportion of second harmonic. In addition, the high-order harmonic components, which are not integer multiples, are found at large amplitude and positive angle of attack.

Jie Jia

Haoyang Lu

Xiaobo Li

Qian Chen

Study on Aerodynamic Nonlinear Characteristics of Semiclosed Box Deck Based on Variation of Motion Parameters

The nanoindentation (NI) experiment is an effective method to evaluate the micromechanical property of materials. The substrate effect is a nonnegligible factor which could influence the accuracy of the NI experiment result. Large numbers of previous studies have focused on the substrate effect based on the coating/substrate model, whereas the substrate effect in the testing of the hybrid material was rarely involved. The real NI experiment and the numerical simulation method were adopted to reveal the characteristics of the substrate effect in the NI experiment of the hybrid material in this paper, such as the rock or cement material. The peak displacement <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-5.36457pt" id="M1" height="14.6529pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 24.657 14.6529" width="24.657pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-105" d="M499 88L487 113C459 86 422 65 413 65C403 65 403 74 409 98L461 318C487 426 460 448 431 448C408 448 383 441 352 424C305 398 223 344 157 257H155L243 674C249 702 249 712 240 712C227 712 170 680 87 673L82 648H117C155 648 162 644 150 590L23 -4L30 -12C55 -4 81 3 105 8C113 53 131 150 143 187C199 281 323 387 372 387C390 387 393 369 380 311L328 86C313 19 319 -12 347 -12C379 -12 442 24 499 88Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.643,3.132)"><path id="g190-113" d="M169 380V459C122 440 66 423 24 416V392C86 384 90 382 90 317V-135C90 -201 81 -207 17 -213V-240H253V-213C176 -207 169 -201 169 -125V6C182 -1 208 -11 238 -12C368 12 487 109 487 260C487 358 421 449 310 449C298 449 279 444 261 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-12 348 -12L433 39ZM275 84C256 65 221 48 195 48C164 48 124 73 124 124C124 161 146 180 185 198C206 208 254 229 275 240V84Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.456,3.132)"><path id="g190-108" d="M513 0V26C475 28 448 43 413 81C379 116 277 234 258 264C301 314 319 334 344 359C383 396 404 407 473 418V443L269 434V408C317 403 320 395 299 364C280 337 250 298 228 276C213 260 195 247 165 241V712C126 699 69 682 21 677V653C82 648 87 642 87 576V104C87 40 81 32 14 26V0H237V26C173 32 165 38 165 104V215C171 217 176 218 181 218C189 218 198 212 212 196C267 129 330 49 376 -2L513 0Z"/></g></svg> and the residual displacement <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-3.27287pt" id="M2" height="12.5612pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 36.175 12.5612" width="36.175pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-105"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.643,3.132)"><path id="g190-115" d="M181 342V451C133 431 89 419 40 411V388C98 381 102 377 102 311V104C102 38 95 32 33 26V0H263V26C186 32 181 38 181 104V287C203 343 235 372 261 372C277 372 289 366 304 352C310 346 318 345 330 350C349 359 362 379 362 399C362 422 338 449 304 449C256 449 213 393 183 342H181Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.9,3.132)"><use xlink:href="#g190-102"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.768,3.132)"><path id="g190-116" d="M319 325C317 349 306 409 297 431C277 440 250 449 209 449C117 449 57 389 57 319C57 243 122 209 182 182C232 159 261 135 261 91C261 48 227 21 190 21C130 21 85 79 68 145L41 140C41 104 51 36 58 22C75 7 121 -12 172 -12C252 -12 337 35 337 126C337 195 286 231 210 262C166 281 126 304 126 348C126 388 152 417 191 417C240 417 274 378 294 318L319 325Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,17.108,3.132)"><path id="g190-106" d="M135 536C164 536 186 560 186 587C186 617 164 639 136 639C109 639 85 617 85 587C85 560 109 536 135 536ZM252 0V26C188 32 181 38 181 106V451C138 433 90 420 39 412V388C99 379 102 374 102 312V106C102 38 95 32 32 26V0H252Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.546,3.132)"><path id="g190-101" d="M517 51L485 54C448 58 441 63 441 115V712C404 700 337 684 285 678V653C357 648 362 645 362 580V437C339 446 309 449 295 449C159 449 38 340 38 201C38 61 143 -12 223 -12C234 -12 261 -6 301 17L362 53V-12C420 9 495 22 517 26V51ZM362 85C338 67 301 51 266 51C201 51 128 109 128 228C128 373 212 411 259 411C296 411 338 395 362 360V85Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,24.242,3.132)"><path id="g190-118" d="M518 50L491 51C452 54 444 60 444 110V444C429 441 405 437 377 434C348 430 314 427 287 426V403L323 397C356 392 365 386 365 333V99C331 66 293 51 257 51C212 51 169 75 169 164V299C169 366 169 413 172 444C156 441 128 437 101 433C75 430 50 427 29 426V403L57 397C82 391 90 386 90 333V137C90 29 147 -12 214 -12C241 -12 262 -4 291 13S342 48 365 65V-6L371 -12C390 -7 415 1 441 8C468 15 496 21 518 24V50Z"/></g><g 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The results indicated that there was a significant difference of the NI experiment result between the coating/substrate and the hybrid material under the same condition. The lateral boundary stiffness and discontinuous face were considered as main factors that induced this difference, and their effect were analysed, respectively. Young’s modulus <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" id="M3" height="11.927pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 12.0506 11.927" width="12.0506pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-70" d="M593 650H142L136 622C219 616 224 611 209 531L130 120C114 39 108 34 23 28L17 0H501C518 32 557 130 568 158L540 169C519 132 495 93 469 70C439 43 409 35 332 35C272 35 241 37 225 50C211 61 211 89 222 149L253 320H350C441 320 443 312 441 239H471L510 434H481C455 366 448 358 360 358H260L303 572C311 613 312 615 348 615H431C509 615 522 603 532 581C544 555 546 531 545 491L574 493C583 555 592 631 593 650Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.943,3.132)"><path id="g50-116" d="M357 391C357 416 325 451 270 451C241 451 179 431 146 400C109 365 97 334 97 307C97 248 143 213 196 180C250 146 261 123 261 101C261 75 237 40 190 40C153 40 110 72 86 109C81 116 68 119 55 112C37 102 24 87 24 66C24 30 85 -12 137 -12C229 -12 331 62 331 140C331 189 304 218 236 260C197 284 164 309 164 346C164 381 194 400 220 400C259 400 282 380 304 350C310 342 321 339 330 344C347 353 357 372 357 391Z"/></g></svg> and Poisson’s ratio <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-3.42943pt" id="M4" height="9.39034pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0498162 -5.96091 10.9937 9.39034" width="10.9937pt"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path id="g113-234" d="M538 96L524 119C492 88 454 63 446 63C439 63 434 70 440 101C463 223 491 341 518 448H508L433 422L401 276C355 192 240 56 188 56C163 56 154 89 163 133C184 233 207 338 235 443L230 448L152 424L58 17C40 -60 23 -143 23 -185C23 -241 42 -261 63 -261C92 -261 117 -241 125 -227L124 -221C109 -209 89 -165 89 -103C89 -55 96 -13 105 26H107C121 -3 134 -12 151 -12C172 -12 194 -5 221 16C279 61 330 124 384 194H386C381 159 377 141 368 105C343 3 363 -12 383 -12C416 -12 486 35 538 96Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.89,3.132)"><use xlink:href="#g50-116"/></g></svg> of the substrate were selected as the variables in the parametric study, and the relationship between them and the NI experiment result were discussed.

Kang Liang

Kunpeng Gao

Wenqing Cai

The Study on the Substrate Effect in the Nanoindentation Experiment of the Hybrid Material

The Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT) uses different types of metal culverts and cross-drains. Service lives of these culverts are largely influenced by the corrosion of the metals used in these culverts. Corrosion of metallic parts in any soil-water environment is governed by geochemical and electrochemical properties of the soils and waters. Many transportation agencies including ARDOT primarily focus on investigating the physical and mechanical properties of soils rather than their chemical aspects. The main objective of this study is to analyze the geotechnical and geochemical properties of soils in Arkansas to estimate the service lives of different metal pipes in different conditions. Soil resistivity values were predicted after analyzing the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil survey data using neural network (NN) models. The developed NN models were trained and verified by using laboratory test results of soil samples collected from ARDOT, and survey data were obtained from the USDA. The service lives of metal culverts were then estimated based on the predicted soil properties and water quality parameters extracted from the data acquired from the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ). Finally, Geographic Information System-based corrosion risk maps of three different types of metal pipes were developed based on their estimated service lives. The developed maps will help ARDOT engineers to assess the corrosion potential of the metal pipes before starting the new construction and repair projects and will allow using proper culvert materials to maximize their life spans.

Zahid Hossain

MdAriful Hasan

Rouzbeh Ghabchi

Neural Network Based Estimation of Service Life of Different Metal Culverts in Arkansas

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<p><em>Advances in Civil Engineering</em> publishes original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of civil engineering. The journal welcomes submissions across a range of disciplines, and publishes both theoretical and practical studies.</p>


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<p>Chief Editor, Professor Vipulanandan, is based at the University of Houston and his current research interests are in geotechnical, materials and geoenvironmental engineering.</p>


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Advances in Civil Engineering - Table of contents 2022

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Advances in Civil Engineering publishes original research articles as well as review articles in all areas of civil engineering. The journal welcomes submissions across a range of disciplines, and publishes both theoretical and practical studies.

Advances in Civil Engineering