A Review of Evolutionary Trends in Cloud Computing and Applications to the Healthcare Ecosystem

Table 3

Cloud computing challenges.

Challenge	Description	Reference
Security concern	The reliable third party offers several cloud services and faces new security risks. The cloud supplier provides its services over the Internet and uses several web technologies, which generate new security problems.	[87, 88]
Regulations issues	Lack of benchmarks and relevant patterns makes compliance more complicated than it should be.	[89, 90]
Reliability	Lack of reliability and high cloud service availability is becoming a big problem. Research has shown that about $285 million have been lost yearly due to cloud service failure.	[83]
Loss of control	Control loss occurs when CSPs are unable to offer full authority to customers in handling their resources. Due to the absence of authentication and access protection, loss control exposes the cloud computing security concerns.	[91]
Privacy concern	Data protection for some organizations and individuals is a critical feature of their business. Indeed, their confidential data (health, finance, personal knowledge, etc.) plays a significant role in their companies.	[92]
Data flow management	Considering the huge stream of data being generated by CSPs and IoT devices continuously, the cloud computing capability becomes simply unable to process such data, which in turn alters the quality of service.	[93]