Different Cytokine and Chemokine Expression Patterns in Malignant Compared to Those in Nonmalignant Renal Cells

Figure 2

Comparison of mRNA levels and protein levels of selected cytokines. Steady-state levels of intracellular mRNA levels and extracellular protein levels of IL6 (a), IL8 (b), IL11 (c), IL15 (d), and VEGF (e) were assessed by quantitative DNA array (Human Cytokines & Chemokines RT² Profiler PCR Array; Qiagen) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis, respectively. mRNA amounts are expressed as relative mRNA levels normalized to nonmalignant RC-124 cells (RC-124 mRNA = 1.0). Protein levels are expressed as pg protein/ml cell culture supernatant.

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