Effects of Puddling Types and Rice Establishment Methods on Soil Characteristics and Productivity of Rice in Southern China

Figure 4

Puddling types and rice establishment methods on rice grain yield (two years average). PD: moldboard plowing with direct seeding, RD: rotary tiller with direct seeding, PT: moldboard plowing with mechanical transplanting, and RT: rotary tiller with mechanical transplanting. Different letters within a column represent significant differences at the 5% level of DMRT (1H: 1st harvest and 2H: 2nd harvest).