The Role of Methylation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Its Prognostic and Therapeutic Impacts in the Disease: A Systematic Review

Table 17

Angiogenesis/erythropoiesis.

Gene names	Related pathway	Findings in CLL	Ref.
SERPINB5	TAp63 isoforms transcription angiogenesis	Methylated gene body was described in IGVH-unmutated cases	[26, 149]
THBS1	Involved in platelet aggregation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis gene expression (transcription). Reactive oxygen species signaling. Nitrous oxide signaling	THBS1 promoter methylation was detected in 50% of the samples while in normal samples, gene promoters were mainly unmethylated	[51, 150, 151]
TJP1	Immune cell transmigration VCAM-1/CD106 signaling gene expression (transcription); MAGuK tumor suppressor pathway	TJP1expression was reduced in patients with hypermethylated promoter regions and hypomethylated body regions	[37, 152]

CLL: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Ref.: reference, SERPINB5: serine protease inhibitor B5, THBS1: thrombospondin-1, TJP1: tight junction protein 1, Tap63: tumor protein P63, VCAM-1: vascular cell adhesion protein 1, CD106: cluster of differentiation 106, MAGuK: membrane-associated guanylate kinases, IGVH: immunoglobulin variable heavy chain gene.