Climate Change Affects Choice and Management of Training Systems in the Grapevine

Figure 4

(a) A diagram of a modern version of a Geneva Double Curtain (GDC) trained row also featuring a device for semi-automated shoot positioning. When shoots start showing the tendency to grow inward (b), a metal T bar is rotated to position two extra wires above the main wires to avoid overlapping between the two adjacent canopies (c). A positive consequence of this operation is that, at the timing of winter pruning, the largest majority of canes are directed outward (d), thus facilitating any mechanical pruning approach (e).